CMS Measure ID 134: Preventative Care and Screening: Screening for Depression and Follow-Up Plan (CMS2v11)

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Description:

Percentage of patients aged 12 years and older screened for depression on the date of the encounter or 14 days prior to the date of the encounter using an age-appropriate standardized depression screening tool AND if positive, a follow-up plan is documented on the date of the eligible encounter.

Instructions

This measure is to be submitted a minimum of once per performance period for patients seen during the performance period. The most recent quality-data code submitted will be used for performance calculation. This measure may be submitted by Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) eligible clinicians who perform the quality actions described in the measure based on the services provided and the measure-specific denominator coding. The follow-up plan must be related to a positive depression screening, for example: “Patient referred for psychiatric evaluation due to positive depression screening”.

NOTE: Patient encounters for this measure conducted via telehealth (e.g., encounters coded with GQ, GT, 95, or POS 02 modifiers) are allowable.

Measure Submission Type:

Measure data may be submitted by individual MIPS eligible clinicians, groups, or third-party intermediaries. The listed denominator criteria are used to identify the intended patient population. The numerator options included in this specification are used to submit the quality actions as allowed by the measure. The quality data codes listed do not need to be submitted by MIPS-eligible clinicians, groups, or third-party intermediaries that utilize this modality for submissions; however, these codes may be submitted for those third-party intermediaries that utilize Medicare Part B claims data. For more information regarding Application Programming Interface (API), please refer to the Quality Payment Program (QPP) website.

Denominator

All patients aged 12 years and older at the beginning of the measurement period with at least one eligible encounter during the measurement period

Definition:

Not Eligible for Depression Screening or Follow-Up Plan (Denominator Exclusion) –

  • Patients who have been diagnosed with depression- F01.51, F32.A, F32.0, F32.1, F32.2, F32.3, F32.4, F32.5, F32.89, F32.9, F33.0, F33.1, F33.2, F33.3, F33.40, F33.41, F33.42, F33.8, F33.9, F34.1, F34.81, F34.89, F43.21, F43.23, F53.0, F53.1, O90.6, O99.340, O99.341, O99.342, O99.343, O99.345
  • Patients who have been diagnosed with bipolar disorder – F31.10, F31.11, F31.12, F31.13, F31.2, F31.30, F31.31, F31.32, F31.4, F31.5, F31.60, F31.61, F31.62, F31.63, F31.64, F31.70, F31.71, F31.72, F31.73, F31.74, F31.75, F31.76, F31.77, F31.78, F31.81, F31.89, F31.9

DENOMINATOR NOTE: The intent of the measure is to screen for depression in patients who have never had a diagnosis of depression or bipolar disorder prior to the eligible encounter used to evaluate the numerator. Patients who have ever been diagnosed with depression or bipolar disorder will be excluded from the measure.

Denominator Criteria:

Patients aged ≥ 12 years on the date of the encounter. This information can be entered in DrChrono in the patient chart under the Demographics tab with the Patient Date of Birth.

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AND

A relevant CPT or HCPCS code: 59400, 59510, 59610, 59618, 90791, 90792, 90832, 90834, 90837, 92625, 96105, 96110*, 96112, 96116, 96125, 96136, 96138, 96156, 96158, 97161, 97162, 97163, 97165, 97166, 97167, 99078, 99202, 99203, 99204, 99205, 99212, 99213, 99214, 99215, 99304, 99305, 99306, 99307, 99308, 99309, 99310, 99315, 99316, 99318, 99324, 99325, 99326, 99327, 99328, 99334, 99335, 99336, 99337, 99339, 99340, 99401*, 99402*, 99403*, 99483, 99484, 99492, 99493, 99384*, 99385*, 99386*, 99387*, 99394*, 99395*, 99396*, 99397*, G0101, G0402, G0438, G0439, G0444

*Signifies that this CPT Category I code is a non-covered service under the Medicare Part B Physician Fee Schedule (PFS). These non-covered services should be counted in the denominator population for MIPS CQMs.

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AND NOT

DENOMINATOR EXCLUSION:

Documentation stating the patient has had a diagnosis of depression or has had a diagnosis of bipolar disorder: (G9717)

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Numerator

Patients screened for depression on the date of the encounter or up to 14 days prior to the date of the encounter using an age-appropriate standardized tool AND if positive, a follow-up plan is documented on the date of the eligible encounter.

Definitions:

Screening – Completion of a clinical or diagnostic tool used to identify people at risk of developing or having a certain disease or condition, even in the absence of symptoms.

Standardized Depression Screening Tool – A normalized and validated depression screening tool developed for the patient population in which it is being utilized.

The name of the age-appropriate standardized depression screening tool utilized must be documented in the medical record.

Examples of depression screening tools include but are not limited to:

Adolescent Screening Tools (12-17 years)

  • Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A)
  • Beck Depression Inventory-Primary Care Version (BDI-PC)
  • Mood Feeling Questionnaire (MFQ)
  • Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)
  • Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
  • Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC-17)
  • PRIME MD-PHQ2

Adult Screening Tools (18 years and older)

  • Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
  • Beck Depression Inventory (BDI or BDI-II)
  • Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)
  • Depression Scale (DEPS)
  • Duke AnxietyDepression Scale (DADS)
  • Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
  • Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD)
  • PRIME MD-PHQ-2
  • Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D)
  • Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QID-SR)
  • Computerized Adaptive Testing Depression Inventory (CAT-DI)
  • Computerized Adaptive Diagnostic Screener (CAD-MDD)

Perinatal Screening Tools

  • Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Postpartum Depression Screening Scale
  • Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)
  • Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II
  • Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
  • Zung Self-rating Depression Scale

Follow-Up Plan Documented follow-up for a positive depression screening must include one or more of the following:

  • Referral to a provider for additional evaluation and assessment to formulate a follow-up plan for a positive depression screen
  • Pharmacological interventions
  • Other interventions or follow-up for the diagnosis or treatment of depression

Examples of a follow-up plan include but are not limited to:

  • Referral to a provider or program for further evaluation for depression, for example, referral to a psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker, mental health counselor, or other mental health services such as family or group therapy, support group, depression management program, or other services for treatment of depression
  • Other interventions designed to treat depression such as behavioral health evaluation, psychotherapy, pharmacological interventions, or additional treatment options

Patients with a Documented Reason for not Screening for Depression (Denominator Exception) – One or more of the following conditions are documented:

  • Patient refuses to participate

OR

  • Medical Reason(s): Documentation of medical reason for not screening patient for depression (e.g., cognitive, functional, or motivational limitations that may impact the accuracy of results; patient is in an urgent or emergent situation where time is of the essence and to delay treatment would jeopardize the patient’s health status)

Numerator Instructions:

A depression screen is completed on the date of the encounter or up to 14 days prior to the date of the encounter using an age-appropriate standardized depression screening tool AND if positive, a follow-up plan must be documented on the date of the encounter, such as referral to a provider for additional evaluation, pharmacological interventions, or other interventions for the treatment of depression.

This is a patient-based measure. Depression screening is required once per measurement period, not at all encounters. An age-appropriate, standardized, and validated depression screening tool must be used for numerator compliance. The name of the age-appropriate standardized depression screening tool utilized must be documented in the medical record. This measure does not require documentation of a specific score, just whether results of the normalized and validated depression screening tool used are considered positive or negative. Each standardized screening tool provides guidance on whether a particular score is considered positive for depression. The depression screening must be reviewed and addressed by the provider on the date of the encounter. Positive pre-screening results indicating a patient is at high risk for self-harm should receive more urgent intervention as determined by the provider practice. The screening should occur during a qualifying encounter or up to 14 days prior to the date of the qualifying encounter.

The measure assesses the most recent depression screening completed either during the eligible encounter or within the 14 days prior to that encounter. Therefore, a clinician would not be able to complete another screening at the time of the encounter to count towards a follow-up, because that would serve as the most recent screening. In order to satisfy the follow-up requirement for a patient screening positively, the eligible clinician would need to provide one of the aforementioned follow-up actions, which does not include use of a standardized depression screening tool.

Should a patient screen positive for depression, a clinician should:

  • Only order pharmacological intervention when appropriate and after sufficient diagnostic evaluation. However, for the purposes of this measure, additional screening and assessment during the qualifying encounter will not qualify as a follow-up plan.
  • Opt to complete a suicide risk assessment when appropriate and based on individual patient characteristics. However, for the purposes of this measure, a suicide risk assessment or additional screening using a standardized tool, will not qualify as a follow-up plan.

Numerator Options: The following codes can be entered in the HCPCS code section for the visit.

Performance Met:

Screening for depression is documented as being positive AND a follow-up plan is documented (G8431)

OR

Performance Met:

Screening for depression is documented as negative, a follow-up plan is not required (G8510)

OR

Denominator Exception:

Screening for depression not completed, documented reason (G8433)

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OR

Performance Not Met:

Depression screening not documented, reason not given (G8432)

OR

Performance Not Met:

Screening for depression documented as positive, follow-up plan not documented, reason not given (G8511)

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